Lub versatility ntawm nanosecond (ns) pulsed infrared fiber ntau lasers yog paub tias zoo, thiab lawv zoo tagnrho rau feem ntau muaj ntaus cim thiab cov ntawv thov engraving. Feem ntau thaum lub zog hluav taws xob tsawg dua li ob peb millijoules thiab lub zog nruab nrab tsis tshaj 100W, nws ua tau zoo nyob rau qhov siab pulse repetition zaus, nruam yoj (CW) thiab cov quasi-nruam yoj tes taws los piav (QCW) hom. Tsis ntev los no, lawv tau pib siv ntau yam micromachining thiab laser nto texturing, thiab txawm tias tej thaj chaw deb microcutting kev siv. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom tshem tawm.
Rau cov neeg siv, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lasers tau pom tseeb, xws li ntau cov haujlwm laser cov khoom siv thiab cov ntawv sib xyaw ua ke uas feem ntau ua kom cua txias kom ua tiav qhov sib txuam sib khi. Thoob ntiaj teb, kev lag luam xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev txuag hluav taws xob, thiab cov cuab yeej siv kho mob xav tau ntxiv cov haujlwm ntau rau cov tsiaj me thiab cov ntim me thiab cov ntim ntim ntau dua. Yog li no, kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm tau zoo yog xav tau los pab cov khoom lag luam kom dhau los ua qhov tseeb. Kab lus no yuav hais txog cov tshuab laser welding. Yog li no, lub tshuab kev tsim tawm no tau paub los ntawm kev lag luam (nanosecond infrared fiber) lasers tuaj yeem muab qhov siab xav tau rov ua dua, qhov tseeb thiab muaj peev xwm ntau lawm, nrog rau cov nqi qis, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Raws li cov chaw thov sib txawv, ntau hom lasers muaj qhov sib txawv, xws li pulsed YAG lasers, disc lasers, fiber (CW thiab QCW) lasers, thiab txawm tias diode lasers. Txog tam sim no, nanosecond pulsed lasers tsuas yog siv rau hauv kev txiav ob peb daim ntaub, tab sis qhov xwm txheej tau hloov, thiab nanosecond fiber lasers tau tsis ntev los no tau pib siv rau cov khoom siv sib txuas.
SPI yog tus tshaj lij hauv kev qhia tawm tswv tswj oscillator zog amplifier (MOPA) rau nanosecond fiber lasers, thiab qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ua ntau yam khoom siv vim nws tuaj yeem tswj thiab kho cov mem tes raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm daim ntawv thov. parameter. Qhov no yog feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev hloov cov mem tes ntev thiab mem tes zaus. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov mus los ntawm qhov hloov ntawm pulsed thiab tsis tu ncua yoj hom, uas tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim tias lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm cov teeb ci nrog cov nqaj sib txawv, kom cov cuab yeej sib txawv tuaj yeem muab raws li txoj haujlwm tam sim no. Ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog nruab nrab thiab lub zog siab tshaj plaws, lub laser no tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv cov roj millisecond kom tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau siv millisecond pulses nrog qis zog nruab nrab.
Yas vuam
Noj vuam yas ua piv txwv. Hauv qee cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov siab, xws li cov khoom siv microfluidic, kev siv cov lasers fiber ntau yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li lwm cov khoom siv laser. Qee zaum lub zog faib tawm ntawm cov nqaij ntawd yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, hauv cov cuab yeej siv kho mob nyuaj, pob tshab polymer pob tshab yog welded rau polymer dub, thiab 40W laser teeb tau teeb rau CW hom (Daim Duab 1)." Nws tso cai rau kuv los tswj cov nqaij ntawd qhov loj me, kev faib hluav taws xob, thiab qhov tob ntawm daim teb raws li xav tau." tawm tswv yim Joe Lovotti, tus thawj coj ntawm laser technology ntawm Okay Industries (New Britain, Connecticut).
Daim duab 1: Yas vuam ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj insulin nrog 40W HS-H laser.
Hlau vuam
Hais txog cov khoom siv hlau, cov ntawv thov kev twb kev txuas hauv kev lag luam kho mob tshuab tau dhau los ua ntau dua, uas yog kev sib tw txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws daim ntawv thov engineers. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau nyias hlau tsuas yog ib qho piv txwv no xwb, thiab CW fiber lasers tau siv dav hauv cov teb no. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov hlau hlau ua cov kab nyias me ntsis, cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau cov cua sov nkag los ua qhov nyuaj dua. Thaum vuam 50μm txoj kab uas hla coiled hlau, siv 20W, M2< 1.6="" laser="" kom="" ua="" tiav="" cov="" xim="" kub="" siab="" yuav="" ua="" rau="" muaj="" txiaj="" ntsig="" zoo.="" cov="" kev="" sib="" tw="" yog="" txwv="" tsis="" pub="" lub="" zog="" siab="" tshaj="" plaws="" ntawm="" cov="" mem="" tes="" los="" ntawm="" kev="" ua="" haujlwm="" ntawm="" lub="" laser="" ntawm="" qhov="" rov="" ua="" tau="" ntau="" dua,="" tsim="" kom="" muaj="" ntau="" dua="" pulse="">< 0.1mj="" thiab="" quasi-nruam="" yoj="" tes="" taws="" tes="" taws="" los="" piav="" (qcw)="" nrog="" ib="" qho="" zaus="" ntau="" dua="" 250khz,="" uas="" nyob="" rau="" hauv="" qhov="" kawg="" kev="" tsom="" xam="" yog="" tsim="" luv="" luv="" txoj="" hlua="">
Qee daim ntawv thov yuav tsum txuas cov vov sab nraud los yog ntxias kom khi rau cov hlau (Daim Duab 2). Peb pom tau tias hauv qhov no, lub mem tes nrog kev faib hluav taws xob ntau dua tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo dua kev ntub dej ntawm ob feem. Hauv qhov ua piv txwv no, 40W, M2=3 laser siv muaj qhov chaw loj dua thiab siab dua lub zog pulse (ntau dua 1.25mJ), uas tuaj yeem pab cuam qhov sib txawv.
Daim duab 2: Siv 250 kHz, 20W EP-Z laser rau weld 50μm diam hlau xov hlau (a thiab b),
Lub 20W EP-Z laser siv los txuas cov thermocouple (c), thiab 40WHS-H laser siv los weld lub braid and xaim (d).
Ntawm qhov tod tes, siv cov tshuaj siv ib hom laser nrog 20W thiab M2< 1.3="" tuaj="" yeem="" ua="" tiav="" qhov="" tseeb="" siab.="" ib="" qho="" piv="" txwv="" yog="" lub="" vuam="" ntawm="" cov="" kab="" zoo="" sib="" txawv="" ntawm="" cov="" kav="" hlau="" uas="" muaj="" lub="" taub="">μm thiab ntse vuam lawv los ua ib qho thermocouple. Yuav kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov no, jig xaiv thiab lub zeem muag tshuab tseem ceeb npaum li lasers.
Ntawv thov soldering
Rau tin soldering, CW lossis ncaj qha diode lasers feem ntau yog siv, tab sis hauv kev siv qhov twg cov tswv yim kub yog qhov tseem ceeb, pulsed lasers tuaj yeem txiav txim siab. Los ntawm kev siv cov roj pulses ntev ntawm tus nqi rov ua dua, lub zog siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj thermal tuaj yeem txo qis. Los ntawm kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob xa mus rau txoj kev sib kis, lub zog laser tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw loj dua, kom lub kub / tin solder muab tshuaj txhuam hauv qhov piv txwv no tsuas yog yaj ntawm qhov chaw sib tiv tauj (Daim Duab 3).
Daim Duab 3: Soldering nrog 500 kHz, 40W HS-H laser.
Cov khoom siv hlau txuas thiab koom tes
Siv nanosecond pulsed lasers los txuas cov hlau yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho cov mem tes tsis thiab cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem, thiaj li ua tiav qhov kev sib txuas zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, cov hom pulses yog tsuas yog siv los tshem cov khoom, kom tsis txhob yaj thiab daws teeb meem. Ua kom zoo rau cov mem tes tuaj yeem tau txais cov siab kawg ntawm lub zog thiab cov zog mem tes, tab sis cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev siv ntau zaus. Qhov no thiaj li ua rau lub zog loj tshaj plaws thiab ua kom cov zis tawm ze rau QCW strobe pulse thaum tswj hwm lub zog nruab nrab.
Ntawm no ntau zaus, cov nyhuv ntawm cov mem tes ntawm cov khoom hloov ntawm ablation los ze zog mus rau melting. Cov nyhuv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv qhov ua piv txwv hauv qab no, peb tuaj yeem pom siv 70W laser los nthwv lub nplhaib uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 6 hli rau ntawm nyias daim hlau stainless. Siv 250ns, 1mJ mem tes ntawm 70kHz, qhov tshwm sim yog qhov ntxhib thiab tsis tshua muaj oxidized. Khaws tag nrho cov tsis hloov, tsuas yog nce cov mem tes zaus, koj tuaj yeem pom kev txhim kho tseem ceeb. Los ntawm doubling lub zaus rau 140 kHz thiab halving lub mem tes zog rau 0.5mJ, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov roughness thiab oxidation zoo heev txhim kho. Los ntawm nce lub zaus mus rau 500kHz thiab txo cov mem tes zog rau qis dua 0.15mJ, lub ci ntsa iab dua lub vuam seam tsis tas yuav muaj roj thaiv cov roj. Los ntawm kev siv tus txheej txheem no, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav kom tau 250μm ceg tawv weld (Daim Duab 4).
Daim duab 4: Txhim kho vuam ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm pom tau los ntawm 250 mem tes pulses ntawm ntau zaus.
Los ntawm kev siv wobbling thev naus laus zis los nthuav cov hlau txuas thiab txhim kho qhov nkag ntawm qhov tsis ruaj khov (cuam tshuam rau vuam ceev), lub vuam vuam tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus.
Ib qho kev sim tau ua rau ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov tsis xeb ntawm stainless hlau thiab stainless hlau, thiab shear lub zog ntawm ob 1mm welds hauv kev ua tiav 0.5mm ceg tawv weld siab tshaj 224 phaus. Hauv 180-tev tev ntsuas ua rau ntawm qhov tawm ntawm 5 mm ntev thiab 1 mm dav, qhov sib dhos tau tawm ntawm 241 phaus (daim duab 5).
Daim duab 5: Qhov chaw ntawm stainless hlau weld (a) thiab nws lub tev ntsuas (b) me me duab tsim los ntawm 70W EP-Z laser.
Qhov tseeb, lub tshuab no tuaj yeem siv mus rau lwm cov hlau, xws li hlau, txhuas, thiab tooj liab. Thaum cov thev naus laus zis no siv los txuas cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau zoo heev, cov mem tes yuav tsum tau kho kom haum los muab lub zog pulse txaus rau ob peb mus rau cov khoom siv. Hnov vuam ntawm txhua qhov loj me tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv tshuab kauv. Piv txwv li, 70W EP-Z laser tuaj yeem siv los tsim peb 1mm vuam kab los txuas ob 150μm tuab tooj liab foils. Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev sib tw tom ntej yog los txuas cov hlau sib txawv.
Dissimilar hlau txuas
Cov kev siv ntau hauv kev siv hluav taws xob thiab roj teeb yog los txuas cov ntawv ci tooj liab rau txhuas ntawv. Txhawm rau kom ua tau raws li qhov kev sib tw no, SPI' s daim ntawv thov pab pawg tau nqis peev ntau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav. Lawv tau tshaj tawm sai sai ntawm kev nce qib, thiab thaum nug tias lub weld muaj zog npaum li cas, lawv tau ua kom pom daim duab ntawm lub weld nyob rau hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm 12 phaus (daim duab 6).
Daim duab 6: Copper-aluminium spot welding (a) thiab nws cov khoom ntsuas tau zoo (b), thiab daim duab (c) hauv qab qhov hnyav zoo li 12 phaus.
Qhov tseeb, ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas tsis ntev los no ua rau qhov kev ntsuas tensile pom tau tias hauv 90-degree tev ntsuas, qhov txuas tooj liab-aluminium tsis txaus ua haujlwm hauv qab shear quab yuam ntawm 26 phaus, thiab tawm ntawm 6 phaus. Tus weld yeej tsis tu ncua.
Ntau cov ntawv sib tw ntau dua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov coj mus muag tiag (Daim duab 7)." Siv rau 20W nkaus xwb hom nanosecond pulsed laser tso cai rau peb kom zoo tswj cov khoom cua sov thiab weld geometry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau kev siv nyuaj heev vuam siv, xws li 0.1mm stainless hlau ntawv ci thiab 0.25mm titanium ntawv ci Txuas.” hais tias Dr. Geoff Shannon ntawm Amada Miyachi (Monrovia, California).
Daim duab 7: Vuam stainless hlau thiab titanium ntawv ci nrog 20W HS-S laser.
Kev qhia ntawm hom khoom siv no muaj peev xwm ua tau yooj yim cov kab ntau lawm, yog li nws tau hloov kho sai sai hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim khoom siv kho mob." Cov lasers fiber ntau yog qhov khoom siv hloov kho uas tuaj yeem siv cov nanosecond pulses los txiav, etch, thiab zom, thiab tuaj yeem siv ntau-millisecond pulses rau weld. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog tib lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tib qho kev tsim khoom." Cov Lus Qhia Cim Mark Brodsky ntawm Laser Mark' s (San Jose, California).
Ntsiab lus
Kab lus no qhia ntau yam kev siv los ntawm cov yas sib koom thiab soldering rau hlau ntawv vuam thiab xaim hlau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov no, kev siv nanosecond pulsed fiber lasers yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv ua ke millisecond mem tes YAG thiab modulated CW laser los. kev daws. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov lasers hauv cov txheej txheem ntau txheej txheem txuas ntxiv ua pov thawj lawv cov versatility.